christmas AROUND THE WORLD

 

Christmas is one of the most exciting holidays of the year. Each country has its own traditions and customs. How much do you know about how Christmas is celebrated around the world???

 

Aim: to learn about customs and traditions of people around the world.

 

TASK:

You will investigate the many different ways people around the world celebrate Christmas. You have to find as much information as possible. In pairs, you will share your findings with your class. Some of your classmates won’t know anything of the country you have chosen, so you will have to inform them. Your classmates will be eager to know about the customs and traditions of the country you have chosen.[1]

Are you ready??? Good luck!
 

 

 

STEPS:

-      In pairs, choose a country.

-      Research: (Gather as much information as you can).

-      Explain how they will celebrate Christmas, so the customs of this country will be included. You and your friend(s) will describe how they decorate their houses, what food they will eat, etc.

-      Now it’s time to think about your PROJECT. You must create a multimedia project using Prezi or PowerPoint. REMEMBER, you will be presenting your project ORALLY to your class.

-      Presentation in pairs:

·         PowerPoint / Prezi and present it orally to your class (it is compulsory)

 

PROCEDURE:

 Tell your teacher which country you have chosen. You can choose for example: Sweden, The USA, Italy, Poland, Great Britain, Mexico, Australia, Germany etc. Each group will create a PowerPoint / Prezi with these 5 sections:

 

-      Gift Bringer (eg. Who is the gift bringer?, what is his/her name?, when does he/she bring presents?, etc) You can include pictures

 

-      Food (What food do they eat to celebrate?: Describe the food and include a picture of it, you can also label the food, etc)

 

-      Customs (what are their Christmas customs? How do they decorate their houses?, Gifts, what do they sing? etc, you can include pictures, etc

 

-      Greeting (how do they say “Merry Christmas”?)

 

-      Ending /Conclusion (What have you learnt?, Have you worked well together?, Did you enjoy working in pairs?, mention 2 things that you liked about doing this project, would you like to visit this country at Christmas? Why?…)


 

RESOURCES:

Australia

http://www.the-north-pole.com/around/australia.html

http://www.jeannepasero.com/Christmas/australia.html

http://www.californiamall.com/holidaytraditions/traditions-Australia.htm

 

Italy

http://www.the-north-pole.com/around/italy.htm

http://www.californiamall.com/holidaytraditions/traditions-italy.htm

http://www.ifol.com/countries/italy.html

Mexico
http://www.mexconnect.com/mex_/christmas.html

http://www.californiamall.com/holidaytraditions/traditions-mexico.htm

http://www.ifol.com/countries/mexico.html

 

 Sweden

http://www.the-north-pole.com/around/sweden.html

http://www.ifol.com/countries/sweden.html

http://www.cstone.net/~bry-back/holidayfun/sweden.html

 

 Poland
http://www.ifol.com/countries/poland.html

 

 Germany
http://www.the-north-pole.com/around/germany.html

http://www.ifol.com/countries/germany.html

 

General
http://www.bethanyroberts.com/MerryChristmasInManyLanguages.htm

http://www.shellbeachschool.org/events/christmas.htm#Around%20the%20World

http://www.santasearch.com/editorial.asp?PID=1

 

Other webpages by yourself.

 

 

 

EVALUATION:

- Individually: your work, your contribution to your group and your interest.

- In pairs: collaboration and the proportional distribution of the task.

 

An excellent project would have the following parts[2]:

 

PROJECT INTRODUCTION
TASK: In here you tell your audience who you are and why are you doing this	Example: I am Nuria Casanova, a class member of 2 A. In this project I will share with you the information I have found from…
FINDINGS:
Say which country have you chosen and what information you found out about them. Include some pictures.	Gift Bringer Food Customs Greeting
CONCLUSION
Just a little ending… (answer to these questions)	(What have you learnt?, Have you worked well together?, Did you enjoy working in pairs?, mention 2 things that you liked about doing this project, would you like to visit this country at Christmas? Why or why not?…)
… AND YOU’VE FINISHED!!! WHAT A WONDERFUL PROJECT YOU’VE CREATED!!!

 

 

 

 

Now…
1	Illustrate as you wish. If you have used any images from the internet, make sure you have permission to use them.
2	Let your teacher know you have finished and make a time to present your project to your class
3	Distribute your project for the oral presentation
4	Practise reading your project aloud, with expression
GOOD LUCK… AND HAPPY CHRISTMAS, FELIZ NAVIDAD, YOEUX NATALE, BON NADAL … Or say MERRY CHRISTMAS in another language

 

 

 

 

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[1] Taken from www.manetee.k12.fl.us/sites/elementary/oneco/Christmas.html#customs

 

 

[2] Taken from http://hresbstaff.ednet.ns.ca/nbarkhou/christmaswq/process.html

 

 

2º BACHILLERATO

REPORTED SPEECH

-      It is used when we report what another person has said

-      We usually use a 'reporting verb' like 'say' or 'tell'. 

‘I like ice-cream’ è She said she liked ice-cream

-       We have to change:

1)  The pronouns

2)  Tenses (backshift)

3)  Place and time expressions

1)  Present simple: past simple: She said “it’s cold”

She said that it was cold

2)  Present continuous: past continuous

They said “he is teaching English online”

they said that he was teaching English online

3)  Past simple: past perfect

“I visited NY last year”

Jordá said that he had visited NY the previous year / the year before

4)  Past continuous: past perfect continuous

“She was playing football when the accident happened”

Noelia said that she had been playing football when the accident had happened

5)  Present perfect simple: past perfect

“I’ve lived here for a long time”

Alba said that she had lived there for a long time

6)  Present perfect continuous: past perfect continuous

“I have been cooking for two hours”

Karolis said that he had been cooking...

7)  Past perfect (no change):

“They had already finished the work when I arrived”

Chaima told me that they had already finished the work when she had arrived

8)  Past perfect continuous (no change):

“I had been reading the newspaper when the light went off”

Ana said that she had been reading... when the light had gone off

9)  Future simple “will”: would

“I will open the door”: Joan said that he would open the door

10)             Modal verbs:

Will è would

Can è could

Must èhad to

May è might

Could (no change)

Should (no changel)

Would (no change)

Might (no change)

Needn’t (no change)

11)             Expressions of time:

This è that

These è those

Now è then

Here è there

Today è that day

Yesterday è the day before / the previous day

Tomorrow è the next day / the following day

Two weeks ago è two weeks before

Reporting Verbs

Said, told and asked are the most common verbs used in indirect speech.

We use asked to report questions:-

For example: I asked Lynne what time the lesson started.

We use told with an object.

For example: Lynne told me she felt tired.

We usually use said without an object.

For example: Lynne said she was going to teach online.

If said is used with an object we must include to ;

For example: Lynne said to me that she'd never been to China.

For example: Lynne told me (that) she'd never been to China.

There are many other verbs we can use apart from said, told and asked.

These include: admitted, announce, answer, advised, agreed, apologised, begged, complained, denied, explained, insisted, mentioned, invited, offered, ordered, promised, replied, suggested and thought.

We often omit that, especially in informal situations

INFINITIVE AND GERUND CONSTRUCTIONS:

-     Agree, refuse, offer, promise, threaten + INFINITIVE:

Tom: “I won’t lend you any money”

Tom said (that) he wouldn’t lend him any money

Tom refused to lend him any money

-     ACCUSE + OBJECT  + OF, ADMIT, DENY, APOLOGISE FOR, INSIST ON, SUGGEST + VERB (-ING)

“You took the money!”

He accused me of taking the money

“Yes, I took it!”

I admitted taking it.

QUESTIONS:

Reporting verbs:ask, enquire, request, want to know, wonder

YES / NO QUESTIONS:

Clause introduced by if or whether. If is more common than whether.

“Are you Scottish?”

“Do you want a table near the window?”

“Did you come by train or by bus?”

“Are you feeling cold?”

WH- QUESTIONS:

We use a reported clause beginning with a wh-word (who, what, when, where, why, how). We don’t use a question mark.

“What do you want?”

“Where is the bus station?”

“Who did you invite to the party?”

“How do you want to do the activity?”

“When did it happen?”

COMMANDS / REQUESTS / ADVICE:

They are usually expressed by a verb of command / request / advice + OBJECT + TO + INFINITIVE

The following verbs can be used: ADVISE, ASK, BEG, IMPLORE, INVITE, ORDER, RECOMMEND, REMIND, REQUEST, TELL, WARN.

Reporting verbs: 

“Sit down”

“You had better hurry, Bill” she said

Negative commands, requests… are reported by: NOT + TO + INF.

“Don’t be lazy”

“Don’t open that door, John” I said

REPORTED SUGGESTIONS

Verbs: suggest or recommend

1) Verb + gerund

e.g. “Let’s take a taxi” she said

She suggested…

2) verb + that + subject + (should) + infinitive

She suggested…